I am an Assistant Professor at the Hebrew University Faculty of Law and School of Computer Science and Engineering, where I lead the Governance of AI Lab (GOAL). My work aims to support safe and ethical AI through cross-disciplinary research that integrates methods from law, computer science, and the social sciences. Areas of focus include the governance of AI agents, empirical evaluations of legal alignment, and studying the impacts of AI on the rule of law.

My scholarship has been published in leading law reviews (Washington University Law Review, Notre Dame Law Review, Harvard Journal of Law & Technology, Berkeley Technology Law Journal, Yale Law & Policy Review), computer science venues (NeurIPS, ICML, TMLR, ACM FAccT, AIES), and general-interest academic journals (Patterns, Science).

Previously, I completed my doctoral studies at the University of Toronto, during which time I served as a research advisor to Google DeepMind and was a member of OpenAI’s GPT-4 red team. I am an affiliate at the Schwartz Reisman Institute for Technology and Society, the Machine Intelligence and Normative Theory Lab, and the Institute for Law & AI.

Selected Publications

Why AIs (Might) Obey the Law (with Pratik Sachdeva)

Selected as "Download of the Week" and "Highly recommended" — Larry Solum's Legal Theory Blog

Featured in the Oxford Business Law Blog and IEEE Spectrum

Superintelligence and Law, Harvard Journal of Law & Technology (forthcoming)

"Highly recommended" — Larry Solum's Legal Theory Blog

Governing AI Agents, 101 Notre Dame Law Review 335 (2026)

"Kolt’s article is a must-read conversation starter" — JOTWELL

Legal Alignment for Safe and Ethical AI (with Nicholas Caputo, Jack Boeglin, Cullen O'Keefe, Rishi Bommasani, Stephen Casper, Mariano-Florentino Cuéllar, Noah Feldman, Iason Gabriel, Gillian Hadfield, Lewis Hammond, Peter Henderson, Atoosa Kasirzadeh, Seth Lazar, Anka Reuel, Kevin Wei, Jonathan Zittrain) TMLR (2026)

Project website: https://www.legal-alignment.ai/

Copyright-Bench: Agentic Evaluation of Copyright Law Compliance (with Zheng Hui and Doni Bloomfield) ICML spotlight (awarded to top ~2% of submissions) (2026)

Evaluating Contextual Illegality: AI Compliance in Corporate Law Scenarios (with Hilal Aka and Joe Kwon) ICML (2026)

The 2025 AI Agent Index: Documenting Technical and Safety Features of Deployed Agentic AI Systems (co-senior author, with Leon Staufer, Stephen Casper, and others) ACM FAccT (2026)

Featured in IEEE Spectrum, CNET, Gizmodo, ZDNet, The Register, and the University of Cambridge

Regulating AI Agents (with Kathrin Gardhouse and Amin Oueslati) (2026)

Featured in IEEE Spectrum and Tech Policy Press

Build Agent Advocates, Not Platform Agents (with Sayash Kapoor and Seth Lazar) ICML (2025)

Lessons from Complex Systems Science for AI Governance (with Michal Shur-Ofry and Reuven Cohen) Patterns (2025)

The AI Agent Index (equal lead author, with Stephen Casper, and others) arXiv (2025)

Regulating Advanced Artificial Agents (equal lead author, with Michael Cohen, Yoshua Bengio, Gillian Hadfield, and Stuart Russell) Science (2024)

Algorithmic Black Swans, 101 Washington University Law Review 1177 (2024)

IDs for AI Systems (with Alan Chan and others) RegML @ NeurIPS (2024)

Responsible Reporting for Frontier AI Development (lead author) AIES (2024)

Black-Box Access is Insufficient for Rigorous AI Audits (with Stephen Casper and others) ACM FAccT (2024)

Visibility into AI Agents (with Alan Chan and others) ACM FAccT (2024)

LegalBench: A Collaboratively Built Benchmark for Measuring Legal Reasoning in Large Language Models (with Neel Guha and others) NeurIPS (2023)

Frontier AI Regulation: Managing Emerging Risks to Public Safety (with Markus Anderljung and others) arXiv (2023)

Model Evaluation for Extreme Risks (with Toby Shevlane and others) arXiv (2023)

Predicting Consumer Contracts, 37 Berkeley Technology Law Journal 71 (2022)

Populist Rhetoric, False Mirroring, and the Courts (with Alon Harel), 18 International Journal of Constitutional Law 746 (2020)

Return on Data: Personalizing Consumer Guidance in Data Exchanges, 38 Yale Law & Policy Review 77 (2019)

Cosmopolitan Originalism: Revisiting the Role of International Law in Constitutional Interpretation, 41 Melbourne University Law Review 182 (2017)